Central nervous system features include agitation, confusion, ataxia, delirium and hallucinations. Tremors, hyperreflexia and convulsions may occur. Cerebral haemorrhage has been associated with overdose of certain sympathomimetics.
Cardiovascular features: hypertension with a sinus tachycardia is common but hypertension-induced reflex bradycardia has been reported. In severe cases a hypertensive crisis may develop. Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, myocardial ischaemia and infarction may also occur.
Other features include vomiting, dilated pupils, increased body temperature, hypokalaemia, hyperglycaemia and leukocytosis. There have been reports of raised creatine phosphokinase activity, rhabdomyolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
